The Bayeux tapestry

Here you can read the tale told by the Bayeux Tapestry -
The story of William the Conqueror and Harold, Earl of Wessex, the men who led the Norman and Saxon armies in 1066. William's defeat of Harold at the Battle of Hastings ensured the success of the Norman invasion of England...

Historians can tell a lot about daily life from the scenes on the Bayeux Tapestry. The tapestry has boats, people, activities, carts, horses, and so much more. All you can see in one scene is a group of horse heads sticking out of the top of a boat. But from this, historians can guess that horses were carried by boats to the battle.

During medieval times, tapestries were common. They were used to decorate castles and manor houses. This tapestry was probably made to fit in a specific place. The wall upon which it hung was probably right around 250 feet long.



HOMEWORK: Responde a las cuestiones que te hace en el enlace sobre el tapiz de la reina Matilde, de Bayeux.

Armas medievales

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The Normans

Battle of Hastings: After the last Anglo-Saxon king died in England, several people claimed the throne. One was the late king's cousin, William, Duke of Normandy. William was also a vassal of the king of France. He had a very strong feudal organization in northern France. His vassals included nearly all the Norman nobles. He had no trouble putting together a huge army of 6000 men, along with several hundred ships. He invaded England, and at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, William defeated another rival for the throne. He was crowned King of England.

To keep all his Norman nobles happy and to thank them for their help, he took all the land away from the Saxon church officials and nobles, and gave it all to his Norman vassals. Anyone who had helped him became rich. What the Saxon people in England thought about all this mattered not to the new king of England, William the Conqueror.

The Great Council: William set up a council of Norman nobles and bishops. He called it the Great Council. The council's job was to help him rule effectively. But the Normans were very busy at first setting up their new land and homes. Still, William knew he could call on the nobles whenever he needed them.

The Great Council grew to become an important part of government. By the 1200's, the Great Council was called Parliament. It is still called Parliament today. By the 1400's, Parliament had divided into two chambers - the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Nobles and clergy ran the House of Lords. Knights and burgesses (a class of extremely wealthy merchants) ran the House of Commons.

Sheriffs: William had another great idea. He knew his nobles and bishops were going to need tax money to run their fiefs. William needed tax money to run the kingdom. He wanted local officials, under his control, in all the towns anyway. He created a new office called a sheriff. A sheriff's job was to collect taxes. Since the sheriff was a local official, a representative of the king, local sheriffs had a great deal of power.

The Domesday Book: William needed to know how much tax he could expect to collect. He appointed people out to every hamlet in the country. Their job was to count every pig, every person, every farm, every rooster in the kingdom. Their reports were entered in a book called the Domesday Book. It was the first census since Roman times.

The Battle of Hastings Game
Norman invasion quiz
Wilian the Conquerror

HOMEWORK : Who was Willian the Conqueror? What did he do?

El mundo feudal

Debes leer las partes que tienes en cada animación y tener claro o que en ellas se te presenta:

• Partes de un señorío feudal
• Ceremonia de homenaje
• Partes de un castillo
• Partes ciudad medieval

La Edad Media

La Edad Media

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Lost Worlds: The Vikings

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las invasiones vikingas

Homework: Draw your own map of Viking voyages. Or you could take a world map outline, and mark on it some of the places Vikings went to – such as Kiev (Ukraine), Novgorod (Russia), Constantinople (Istanbul in Turkey), Greenland, Iceland and North America. more information here or here

Find out how the Vikings lived. How do you think the Vikings might have argued in favour of their raids?

You can more information here.
Play with the Vikings or other game:Dig it up : Vikings, or another

Capilla Palatina de Aquisgrán

Gracias a una inscripción, hoy desaparecida, sabemos que el arquitecto fue Odón (o Eudes) de METZ .Las obras se iniciaron en el 790, y en el 797 se culminaba la cubierta del octógono central, siendo consagrada por el papa León III en el 805, dedicándola a Santa Maria.

Planta de la capilla.
Se concibió como una planta centralizada en torno a un octógono central al que rodea otro hexadecagonal (de 16 lados) y entre ambos un deambulatorio.

Interior (reconstrucción).
Por encima del deambulatorio hay una tribuna que abre al espacio central mediante unos arcos y a su vez este espacio central se eleva por encima de las tribunas y se cubre con una bóveda de paños.

El modelo del octógono de esta capilla recuerda a San Vital de Rávena. Es un edificio centralizado con otro envolvente. Cuando en el año 790 se comenzó la capilla, Carlomagno solicitó al Papa que tomaran los materiales para su construcción de Rávena, por lo que no es extraño que viera los edificios de allí, y quedaran impresionados. Hay sin embargo diferencias entre ambos.

La capilla palatina representa un paso atrás, porque en San Vital los arquitectos emplearon unos recursos de una sutileza arquitectónica que a los de Aquisgrán se les escaparon totalmente:

1. Por ejemplo en Aquisgrán la molduración horizontal está bastante marcada, con lo cual el sentido ascensional del edificio queda bastante cortado.
2. El arquitecto de San Vital de Rávena no hace líneas rectas, son exedras en la planta del octógono y esto provoca una mayor ligereza, por lo que se gana en dinamismo. Sin embargo, en la capilla de Aquisgrán si son rectas. Esto tampoco supieron captarlo los arquitectos carolingios.
3. En San Vital el ábside no está a eje en relación con el pórtico de entrada (diapo de la derecha) que da mayor libertad al edificio, evitando el encorsetamiento. En Aquisgrán sí está a eje con el pórtico.

TAREA: Empleando tu libro y los materiales que tienes aquí realiza una presentación en tu blog sobre la Capilla Palatina de Aquisgrán.

Carlomagno

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La batalla de Poitiers